Hydraulic-brake.



No. 740,513 PATENTE) 00T. s, 1903.

J. BARDSLEY a A. J. RUSBNTRBTER.

HYDRAULIC BRAKE. APPLICATION FILED M Y s. 1902.

3 SHEETS-SHBET l.

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PATENTED Gone, 1903. l. BARDSLEY & A. J. ROSE'NTRBTER.

HYDRAULIC BRAKE.

APPLIUATION I'ILED MAY 8, 1902K.

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N0 MODEL.

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- UNITED SIATES Patenten. octobere, 1eo3`.`

PATENT OEEiCE.

BooNToN, NEw JERSEY;

EAEDSLEY.

SAID=y nosENraErEa ASSIGNoR To SAID H'YoRAUni-BRAKi-z.

`SPEClFICATION forming part of LetterszPatent No. 740,513, dated October 6, 1903. Application inea nay a, 1962. Serial No. 106,489. (No miem.'

fo all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JOSEPH BARDSLEY, al

resident of llontclainjllsx county, and AL- BERT J. ROSENTEETEE, a resident of Boonton,

in the countygof Morriastate of New J ersey, citizens of the United States, have invented.l

ments, and combinations of parts hereinafterk described, and particularly pointed outin theA 5 claims. t

The object of t-he invention is to produce a more, efcient, convenient, and simple hy-V draulic brake than those heretoforel c on-` Structed.

a series of pumps to be operated from the caraXle, a power-cylinder containing a piston tof 5 be moved bythe pressure of the liquid forced? into the lower end of the cylinder by said pumps and which when moved will set in mo. tion certain intermediate levers for applying` the brakes, a controller rod or device for man- 3o ual operation for determining the action of; the liquid within the power-cylinder, a clutch.

mechanism by which under the action of said controller device the power of the'car-axle" may be cut olf from the said pumps, and a; 5 weighted valve capable of regulation and ad-l justment for permitting the automatic exhaust of any excess'of liquid whichfmay byv means of said'pumps be forced into the saidA The tank, box, or casingy 4o containing the features above mentioned will powercylinder.

be secured to the truck-frame or other support, and theinotion of the car-axle will? throughintermediate gearing be communicated to the power or pumping shaftwithin'y 4; said box or casing for the purposeof actuat-N ing the pumps and applying the brakes.

The essential features of ourinvention are inclosed within the liquid-containing box or casing, and it is an important feature of our 5o invention that .the box or casing is a self-contained apparatus holding the liquid and in- We have presented our invention in this application as comprising a liquid-containing tank,box,orcasing within which are arranged y closing the pumps,the power-cylinder,valves,

and other necessary features. l

In carrying outourinvention there is an absence of circulating-pipes for the liquid, these `pipes and other connections being dispensed with.

VIn accordance with our` invention the liq- `uidcontaining box or casing forms a chamber within which the liquid is at all times held. The operativepart-s inclosed within the tank or casing remain at rest during the usual travel of the car and are only set into action when it is desired that the brakes shall be applied.

The invention and satisfactory means for carrying the same into effect'will be fully understood from the detailed description hereinafter presented, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 isa side elevation, partly broken away and V`partly in sectiomof a car-brake mechanism constructed inv accordance with and embodying the invention, the car wheel,

axle, brake-shoe, and brake-rigging being of ordinary construction and the features comprising the invention proper being shown in rvertical section 'on the dotted line l lof Fig. 5. Fig. 2 is an enlarged detached sectional view. through the power-shaft on the dotted line 2 2 of Fig. 5 and illustrates a part of the clutch mechanism connected with said shaft. Fig. 3 is a like View of same on the dotted line 3 3 of Figo. Fig. 4 is an enlarged vertical transverse section through the mechanism embodying ,our invention, said section being taken on the dotted line 4 et of Fig. 6. Fig. 5 is a top view, partly broken away and ,partly in horizontal section, of the liquid-containing casing and features therein embraced within our invention. Fig. 6 is a like section of same on the dotted line 6 6 of Fig. l. Fig. .7 is a detached view, partly broken away, ylooking downward upon the power-cylinder within the liquid-containing casing. Fig. 8 is a detached central vertical section through the lower portion of-the controlling-rod for the brake mechanism, and Fig. 9 is a side elevation of saine.

In the drawings, denotes the usual caraxle; 16, a car-wheel; 17, a brake-shoe; 18, a

customary form of brake-rigging, and 19 a ICO connecting-rod by which the brake-rigging may be connected with a bell-crank lever 20, which is to be operated in the manner hereinafter described by the means comprising our present invention, said means being largely contained within a box or casing 21, which will have a cover or cap 22 and be provided at one side with suitable flanges 23 23, containing holes, as shown in Fig. 1, to receive the bolts or screws by which the casing 21 may be conveniently secured-to the truck-- frame or other support in suitable relation to the car-axle 15.

The body of the box 21 will preferably be formed in one integral casting and Will have a dished bottom 24, provided with an outletnozzle 25, controlled by a valve 26, this outlet-nozzle 25 being provided merely for the purpose of cleaning out the bottom of the box or casing 21 whenever desired.

Within the box or casing 21 is secured the horizontal frame 27, the latter being held at its corners by means of screws 2S, as shown in Fig. 6, and forming between its lower surface and the upper surface of the bottom of the box or casing 21 a chamber 29, as shown in Fig. 1, which opens freely into the general chamber formed within the box or casing 21.

The frame 27 has formed integrally with it the series of 'pump-cylinders 30 and powercylinder 3l, the said cylinders 30 at'their lower ends all being connected by the ports or passages 32 with the base of the power-cylinder 31, whereby the liquid may be forced from said cylinders 30 into said cylinder 3l, as hereinafter explained. Within the base of the power-cylinder 31 the terminating ends of the ports or passages 32 are provided with ball-valves 33, which when in their lower position, as shown in Fig. 1, close the said ports 32, but which are capable of being elevated from their seats by the flow of the` liquid from the pump-cylinders 30 and through the ports 32 in order to enable the liquid passing through said ports to enter the power-cylinder 31 and act to move the piston 34 within said 'cylinder in an upward direction. Above the ball-valves 33 there is provided in the base of the power-cylinder 31 a piece of wirecloth or perforated metal 35 to limit the upward motion ofthe ball-valves 33 andto confine said valves to their respective chambers. The frame 27 is also formed with the vertical sleeves 36 and 37, which are connected by a port or passage 38 with the base of the powercylinder 31 and which respectively receive the lower end of the safety valve-rod 39 and controller-rod 40, the sleeve 36 being provided with the vertical port 41, leading upward from the port 38 to the general chamber within the box or casing 21 and normally closed at its upper end, where a valve-seat is formed, by the lower conical end of said valve-rod 39. The lower end of the controller-rod 40 is formed with the right-angular aperture or passage 42, which is adapted to be moved into and out of communication with the port or passage 38, leading from the power-cylinder 31. The vertical member of the aperture 42 in the lower end of the controller-rod 40 is always in communication with an aperture 43, (see Fig. 4,) passing downward through the frame 27 to the chamber 29 below said frame. When the controller-rod 40 is in the special position shown in Fig. 4, any liquid entering the power-cylinder 31 would find a free passage through the port 38, aperture 42, and aperture 43, and hence under such condition the liquid entering the power-cylinder 3l would have no appreciable effect upon the piston 34 therein. When it is desired that the liquid entering the cylinder 31 shall elevate the piston 34 for the purpose of applying the brakes,the aperture 42 in the controller-rod 40 will be turned so that the horizontal member of said aperture 42 shall pass out of register with the port or passage 38, and thereby cutting off the escape from the power-cylinder 31 and enabling the liquid pumped int'o the base of said cylinder through the passages or ports 32 to elevate the piston 34 in the manner and with the effect hereinafter explained. The frame 27, secured in the base of the box or casing 2l, thus comprises the series of pumping-cylinders 30, the power-cylinder 31 and ports 32, leading from said pumping-cylinders to said power-cylinder,the sleeve 36, containing the port or safety vent-passage 41, the sleeve 37 to receive the lower end of the controller-rod 40, the port or passage 38, leading from the power-cylinder into the said sleeve 37, and the aperture 43, leading downward from said sleeve 37 into the chamber 29 below the frame 27.

Within the pumping-cylinders 30 are provided the vertically-reciprocating plungers 44, Fig. 1, containing the vertical opening 45 and valve-chamber 46, the latter confining a ball-valve 47, which when the plungers 44 move downwardagainst the liquid below them will be elevated and close the openings 45, thereby compelling the liquid below the plungers 44 to pass through the ports or passages 32 to the power-cylinder 3l. Vhen the plungers 44 are either stationary or moving upward, the ball-valves 47 will descend into the enlarged chambers 46, and at such time the liquid within the casing or box 21 may [low downward through the openings 45 and pass below the said plungers 44. The box or casing 21 will be supplied with oil or other suitable liquid to a height somewhat below the joint formed between the-cover and body of the box, and hence during the upward motion of the plungers 44 the oil or other liquid will be enabled to pass downward through the openings 45 in said plungers and be by the latter forced through the ports or passages 32 into the lower end of the power-cylinder 31. The plungers 44 receive their motion from a transverse shaft 48, mounted upon the upper portions of the body of the box or casing 21 and extending at one end outward beyond the side of said box or casing, where said IOO IIO

lZO

shaft 48 is provided with the sprocket-wheel 49, the latter being connected bythe sprocket` chain 50 with a sprocket-wheel 5l, connected with the car-axle 15, the power from said axle 15 being utilized at the proper time to drive the shaft'48 and actuate the pump-plungers 44. The plungers 44 will be connected with the shaft 48 by suitable driving mechanism, and in the present instance we provide eccentrics 52 upon the shaft 48 and pivotally connect the plungers 44 with the rods 53, connected with said eccentrics, said eccentrics being set at different angles instead of parallel with oneanother in order that the plungers 44 may not all ascend and descend in' unison and that some oneof said plungers during the use of the mechanism may be performing a downstroke..

The power-shaft 48 for the pumps will preferably remain idle except when it is desired to apply the brakes, there bein g no necessity for said pumps being kept in motion during the entire travel of the car, and hence we provide clutch mechanism (shown in Figs. 2 and 3) which will be hereinafter explained and which, except when otherwise desired, as during the application of the brakes, will allow the sprocket-Wheel 49 to turn idly upon the end-of the shaft 48, the latter remaining at rest.

If for any reason the shaft 48 remain in motion during the entire travel of the car, the pump-plungers 44 could run idly-that is, without applying they brakes-by maintaining an open passage from the lower end of the power-cylinder 3l to the chamber 29 below'the frame 27; but it is preferable that the power-shaft 48 and pump-plungers 44 remain at rest except when it is desired to apply the brakes. The piston 34 within the power-cylinder 31 is secured upon the lower end of the vertical piston-lodl52, which extends upwardly through a bearing-sleeve 153, provided inthe top of the cover 22 for the casing 2l, and above the said cover 22 the upper'end of the rod 152 is connected 'by a link 54 with the bell-crank-lever 20, hereinabove referred to, the said lever 2O being mounted upon asuitable standard or bracket 55 and connected with the rod 19 for the bralzerigging, as shown in Fig. 1. Y 1

When the piston 34 is forced upwardly, its rod 152 will turn the bell-crank lever 20 and cause the rod 19 to move the brakeshoe 17 against the car-wheel 16, and when the pis-r ton 34 descends its rod 152 will eect a reverse movement of the lever 2O and rod 19 and release the brake-shoe. The upward motion of the piston 34 will be effected by the action of the pumps in forcing the liquid below said piston 34, and the downward motion of the piston 34 will be effected by means of a coiled spring 56, arranged upon the rod 152 intermediate the upper surface of said piston 34 andthe lower end of the bearing-sleeve 153. The valve-rod 39 is held downward upon it would be desired that itsseat, closing the port 41 in the sleeve 36,V

by means of a coiled spring 57, Fig. 4, which` is confined between a collar 58, fastened on said rod, and the lower end of the adjustable sleeve 59, the latter having an exterior screwthread engaging a screw-threaded aperture in the cover 22. The upper end of the rod 39 enters the sleeve 59 and is guided in its movement thereby, Vand the force of the said spring 57 may be increased or diminished by the adjustment downward or upward of the said sleeve 59, the upper end of the latter being exposed, so as to be conveniently operated. The rod 39 will always remain in its lower position except when the pressure of the liquid against the lower surface' of the lpiston 34 is excessive and sufficient to elevate the lower end of the rod 39 from its seat, this excess of pressure being then relieved bythe passage cfa partof the liquid upward through the port41. The valve-rod 39 has an automatic operation, being forced downward against its seat by means of the spring 57 and upwardly from its seat by the pressure of the 'liquid entering the power-cylinder 31 and filli-ng the ports or passages 38 and 41.

The controller-rod 40. by its position determines when the liquid shall act against the piston 34, since when the said rod 40y is in the special position shown in Fig. 4 its I aperture 42 establishes a free outlet from the lower end of the power-cylinder 31, and hence when the brakes are to be applied the controller-rod 40 must be moved to carry its aperture 42 away from the passage 38, leading from the power-cylinder 31. The controller-rod 40 also determines by its position whether the power from the car-axle shall be communicated to the pump or power shaft 48, and the said controller-rod 40 is to be manually operated by the motorman in charge of acar, the upper end of said rod 40 being equipped with a crank-arm 60, which maybe either directly or indirectly operated by the IOS IIC

' motorman to turn the rod 40 axially, the axialv Y in Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 5, and the purpose of this clutch mechanism is to normally permit the sprocket-wheel 49 to rotate freely without turning the shaft 48. The sprocket-wheel 49 is fastened to a sleeve 6l, Fig. 3, which is free upon the end of tlieshaft 48 and carries at its inner end the toothed wheel 62, the latter and said sleeve G1 and sprocket-wheel 49 thus being connected together and capable of rotation upon without alecting the shaft 48. Upon the shaft 48, adjacent to lthe toothed wheel 62, is secured the guide-block 63, Fig.

2, which is held in place against the 'adjoining eccentric 52 by means of the screws 64 and upon which block 63 is placed the sliding frame 65, having at one end the tooth 66 and at its other end the projection 67. Within the frame 65 is disposed the coiled spring 68, the latter serving to normally hold the frame 65 in position, as illustrated in Figs. 2 and 3, whereby the tooth 66 of said frame becomes normally projected against the toothed wheel 62 for the purpose of engaging the same and locking the shaft 48 with the toothed wheel 62, sleeve 6l, and sprocket-Wheel 49, and when the parts are thus connected, which is the condition when the brakes are to be applied, the motion of the sprocket-wheel 49 will be communicated to the shaft 48, with the result that the pump-plungers 44 will be set into action. Vthen the frame 65 is moved against the stress of the spring 68, its tooth 66 will be withdrawn from the toothed Wheel 62, and at such time and under such condition the shaft 48 will be free of the sprocketwheel 49, and the latter may turn without rotating said shaft.

During the ordinary travel of the car the frame 65 will be held free from engagement with the toothed wheel 62 by means of the projecting end 69, Fig. 5., of the pivoted arm 70, said end of said arm 70 being then held against the projection 67 of the frame 65 and pressing the latter against the stress of the spring 68 by means of the cam 71, secured upon the controller-rod 40 and having a slot, as shown in Fig. 5, in engagement with a pin 72, rigidly connected with the said arm 70. When-the car is in normal mot-ion, the controller-rod and cam 71 will be in the position in which they are illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5, said cam at such time operating through .the arm 70 to maintain the clutch-frame 65 free of the toothed wheel 62 and allowing the sprocket-wheel 49 to rotate without affecting the shaft 48.

`When it is desired to apply the brakes, the controller-rod 40 will be turned to carry its lower aperture 42 from the passage 38, leading from the power-cylinder 31, and to relieve the arm 70 from the frame 65 of the clutch mechanism, said frame under the force of the spring 68 then automatically passing into engagement with the toothed wheel 62 to secure the movement of the pumping-shaft 48 with the sprocket-wheel 49. When it is desired to release the brakes, the controller-rod 40 will be reversed in motion and restore its lower aperture 42 into communication with the passage 38, leading from the power-cyl inder 31, the cam 71 being at the same time returned to its initial position for the purpose of moving the arm against the clutch-frame 65, and thereby releasing said frame from the toothed wheel 62.

The operation of the mechanism her'enbefore described will be largely understood from the explanations hereinbefore given, and but brief further description of the operation seems necessary. 'lhe box or casing 21 will be partly filled with liquid, preferably oil or a mixture of alcohol and glycerin, and in the initial condition of the parts the shaft 48 will be held free of the sprocketwheel 49 and the aperture 42 in the lower end of the controller-rod 40 will establish a communication between the passage 3S and the general chamber within the casing or box 2l. When it is desired to apply the brakes, the rod 40 will be turned to allow the clutch mechanism to lock the shaft 48 and sprocket-wheel 49 together and to remove the aperture 42 at the lower end of the said rod 40 from communication with the aforesaid passage 38. Under this condition of the parts the pump-plungers 44 will be set in motion, and the liquid passing downward through them will be driven by them through the passages or ports 32 into the lower end of the power-cylinder 31, with the result of elevating the piston 34 and piston-rod 152 and through the bell-crank lever 20 effecting the application of the brakes. Any excess vof liquid pumped into the power-cylinder 3l will be relieved through the passages or ports 38 and 41,- the valve-rod 39 yielding upwardly under an excess of pressure in the power-cylinder 31 to permit a part of the liquid to escape into the general chamber of the box or casing 21. When it is desired to release the brakes, the controller-rod 40 will be operated to free the clutch-frame 65 from the toothed wheel 62and reestablish its aperture 42 in line with the passage 38, the power of the sprocket-wheel 49 being thus cut o from the pumping-shaft 48 and the liquid below the piston 34 in the power-cylinder 31 being permitted to escape during the descent of said piston through the passage 38, aperture 40, and aperture 43, said piston 34 descending by gravity supplemented by the force of the spring 56. In order to eect a gradual cutting off of the aperture 42 at the lower end of the controller-rod 40 from the passage 38 and also a gradual restablishment of communication between said aperture and said passage, we groove transversely the surface of the rod 40 adjacent to the entering end of said aperture 42, as denoted at 73 in Figs. 8 and 9, the aperture 42 not being entirely cut off from the passage 38 until the groove 73 ceases to connect with said passage.

In the application of the brake mechanism hereinbefore described. to, for instance, an electric car of ordinary character we would deem it desirable that the controller-rod 40 and cam 7l should be moved by or concurrently with the usual operating-handle on cars, so that the said rod 40 and cam 71 shall have moved sufficiently during the movement of said handle to cut off the electric power to allow the clutch-frame 65 to act and set the pumping-shaft 48 in motion and that a slight further continued movement of said handle on the car should result in the aper` ture 42 at the lower end of the controller-rod 40 being moved out of communication with IOC IIO

the passage 38, leading from the power-cylinder 3l, and to this end We make the slot in the cam 71 in two sections, numbered, in Fig. 5, 74 and '75, respectively, 76 denoting the intermediate point betweensaid sections 74 and 75. WithV this construction of cam 71 the section 74 of its slot while moving in one direction over the pin 72 will move the arm 70 from the clutch-frame 65 and allow the latter to act and set the shaft 48 in motion, and this movement of the cam 71 will take place when the motorman is cutting ed the electric power from his car. The continued motion of the rod 40 and cam 7l will cause the section 75 of the cam-slot to pass along the pin 72 without acting on the arm 70, said section 75 of said slot being on the true arc of a circlev and simply passing along the pin 72 Without moving the same. During this latter part of the movement of the cam 7l, or While the section 75 of its slot is passing along the pin 72, the rod 40 will move its aperture 42 entirely out of commuuication with the passage 38,whereby the free circulation of the liquid will be prevented and the liquid driven through the passages 32 bythe pump-plungers 44 will be causedito act tate.

against and elevate the piston 34 for applying the brakes. During thereverse motion of the cam-71 backvto the position in which it is shown in Fig. 5 the section 75 of its slot will first move along the pin 72 without acting upon the arm and the aperture 42 at the lower end of the controller-rod 40 will gradually move back into communication with the passage 38, and when in this reverse movement of the cam 7l the section 74 of its slot passes against the pin 72 the Walls of this section 74, acting as a cam, Will move the arm 70 so that its front projecting end 69 will return to the position in which it is shown in Fig. 5, Where it will meet and press inward the curved projection 67 on the end of the clutch frame 65, thereby compressing the spring 68 and moving the tooth 66 of said frame from the toothed Wheel 62, the pumpshaft 48 then by reason thereof'ceasing to ro- When the electric power of a car is cut off, the car-Wheels, due to momentum, will continue in motion, and hence after the electric power has been cut olf there will be suf- `icient continuing movement in the car-axle 15 for operating the pump-plungers- 44 and edecting the application of the brakes. With the form of cam 71 shown in Fig. 5 the clutchframe 65 is moved in to operative position While the electric power on the car is being cut ott, and then the continued movement ofthe controller-rod 40 cuts oit the escape-passage 38 for the liquid and the pump-plungers 44 are enabled to force the liquid against-the piston 34 and effect the application of the brakes. Ylphe cam 7l is directly over the end 69 of the pivoted arm 70, and said end of said arm 70 rests freely upon a shelf or bracket 77, fastened to the inner Wall of the box or casing 2l, the latter being simply a convenient tankfor containing the liquid and the operative parts utilized in connection therewith.

The tapered groove 73 at the entering end of the aperture 42 in the lower end of the controller-rod 40 is to provide for gradually shutting olf the outlet-passage 38 and correspondingly diverting the pressure of the liquid-against the power-piston, so as to gradually apply the power to the brake.

The invention is not confined to its employment in connection with electric cars, but is Well adapted for such use; nor is the invention-limited to all of the features and details shown and described, some of which may be omitted and others modified Within the scope of our invention as claimed.

What We claim as our invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, iS

l. A hydraulic brake mechanism comprising a casing containing a body of liquid, a perpendicular pump disposed Within said casing and submergedin said liquid, a crankshaft 48 placed above said pump and parallel to `theyaxle of the vehicle, means for driving said shaft from said aXle,'and means for driving the piston of said pump from said crankshaft, combined with a power-cylinder, a port or passageconnecting said power-cylinder with Athe pump-cylinder for enabling said pump to drive the liquid into said power-cylinder, apiston within said power-cylinder to be acted upon by the pressure of said liquid and connected with the brake connections for actuating the latter, and means for manually controlling the operation ot' said pump and said piston; substantially as set forth.

4.2. A hydraulic brake mechanism comprising a casing containing a body of liquid, a perpendicular pump disposed Within said casing and submerged in said liquid, a crankshaft 48 placed above said pump and parallel to the axle of the vehicle, means for driving said shaft from said axle, and means for drivingtthe piston of said pump from said crankshaft, combined with a power-cylinder also disposed Within said casing, a port connecting said power-cylinder With the pump-cylinder for enabling said pump to drive the liquid into said power-cylinder, a piston within said power-cylinder to be acted upon by the pressure of said liquid and having a rod projecting from said casing and connected with the brake connections for actuating the latter, an outlet-port leading from said powerjcylinder to the general chamber of said casing, and a controller-rod to be manually operated and adapted'for opening and closing said outlet-port; substantially as set forth.

3. A hydraulic brake mechanism comprising a casing containing a body of liquid, a perpendicular pump disposed Within said casing and submerged in said liquid, a crankshaft 48 placed above said pump and parallel to the axle of the vehicle, means for driving said shaft from said axle, and means for driving the piston of said pump from said IOS IIC'

.crank-shaf t, combined With a power-cylinder also'disposed within said casing, a port connecting said power-cylinderwith the pumpcylinder for enabling said pump to drive the liquid into said power-cylinder, a piston within said power-cylinder to'be acted upon by the pressure of said liquid and having a rod projecting from said 'casing and connected with the brake connections for actuating the latter, an outlet-portleading from said powercylinder to the general chamber of said casing, a controller-rod to be manually operated and adapted for opening and closing said outlet-port, and a weighted valve and port for permitting any excess of liquid in said power-cylinder to relieve itself therefrom; substantially as set forth.

4. A hydraulic brake mechanism comprising the holding-casing for containing a free body of liquid, a pump disposed within said casing and immersed in said body of liquid, a port leading from the chamber of the pump to said free body of liquid, an automatic valve controlling said port, and power-transmitting means connected with the car-axle for operating said pump to act upon a part of said liquid, combined with a power-cylinder also disposed within said casing, a port connecting said power cylinder with the pump-cylinder for enabling said pump to drive the liquid into said power-cylinder, a piston within said power-cylinder to be acted upon by the pressure of said liquid and having a rod projecting from said. casing and connected with the brake connections for actuating the latter, an outlet-port leading from said power-cylinder to the general chamber of said casing, a controller-rod to be manually operated and adapted foil opening and closingsaid outlet-port, and means intermediate said controller-rod and said pump and operable from said rod for determining when said pumpshallact; substantially as set forth.

5. A hydraulic brake mechanism comprising the holding-casing for containing a free body of liquid, the pump disposed within said casing and immersed in said body of liquid, a port leading from the chamber of the pump to said free body of liquid, an auto- Y matic valve controlling said port, the driving-shaft for said pump, power-transmitting means connected with the car-axle for rotating said shaft to set the pump into action, and the clutch connected with said shaft for cutting off the power from same, combined with a power-cylinder also disposed within said casing, a port connecting said powercylinder with the pump-cylinder for enabling said pump to force the liquid into said powercylinder, a piston within said power-cylinder .controlling said port, the driving-shaft for said pump, power-transmitting means connected with the ear-axle for rotating said shaft to set the pump into action, and the clutch connected with said shaft for cutting 0E the power from same, combined with a power-cylinder also disposed within said casing, a port connecting said power-cylinder with the pump-cylinder for enabling said pump to force the liquid into said power-cylinder, a piston within said power-cylinder to be acted upon by the pressure of said liquid and having a rod projecting from said casing and connected with the brake connections for actuating the latter, van outlet-port leading from said power-cylinder, and the controllerrod to be manually operated and adapted for opening and closing said outlet-port and for controlling the position of the clutch and thereby the operation of said pump; substantially as set forth.

7. A hydraulic brake mechanism comprising a. casing containing a body of liquid, the pump disposed within said casing, the driving-shaft for said pump, means for rotating said shaft to set the pump into action, and comprising the driven wheel freely mounted on said shaft, the toothed clutch-wheel also normally free upon said shaft and connected with said driven wheel, the sliding clutchframe keyed upon said shaft and having the tooth to engage said clutch-wheel, the spring normally acting to hold said frame in engagement with said clutch-wheel, and an operating-arm adapted to be moved into a position to engage said clutch-frame and effect the disengagement of same from said clutch-wheel, combined with a power-cylinder also disposed within said casing, a port connecting said power-cylinder with the pump-cylinder for enabling said pump to force the liquid into said power-cylinder, a piston within said power-cylinder tobe acted upon by the pressure of said liquid and having a rod projecting from said casing and connected with the brake connections for actuating the latter, an outlet-port leading from said power-cylinder, and the manually-operable controller-rod connected with said operating-arm for moving the same with respect to said clutch-frame and adapted for opening and closing said outlet-port; substantially as set forth.

8. A hydraulic brake mechanism comprising the holding-casing for containing a free body of liquid, the pump immersed within said body ofliquid within said casing and comprising the cylinder and Valved plunger therein, the driving-shaft for said pump, the crank and rod connecting said shaft and plunger within said casing, and power-transmitting meansconnected with the car-axle for rotating said shaft, combined with a power-cylin- IOO IIO

`der also disposed Within said holding-casing,

the valved port connecting said power-cylinder with the pump-cylinder for enabling said pump to drive the liquid into said power-cylinder, a piston within said power-cylinder to be acted upon by the pressure of said liquid and having a rod projecting from said casing and connected with the brake connections for actuating the latter, and means for manually controlling the operation of said pump; substantially as set forth.

9. A hydraulic brake mechanism comprising a casing containing a body of liquid, the perpendicular pumps disposed Within said casing, the crank-shaft 48 for operating said pumps, and means for d ri ving said shaft,com bined with the power-cylinder also disposed within said casing, the independent valved ports connecting said power-cylinder with the pump-cylinders for enabling said pumps .to drive the liquidv into said power-cylinder, a piston Within said power-cylinder to be acted upon by the pressure of said liquid and having arod connected with the brake connections for actuating the latter, an outlet-port leading from said power-cylinder, and a controllerrod to be manually operated and adapted for opening and closing said outlet-port; substantially as set forth.

10. Ahydraulic brake mechanism comprising the series of pumps, the shaft having the differentlyset cranks connected with the pump-rods for operating the same, and powertransmitting means connected with the caraxle for rotating said shaft, combined with the power-cylinder, the valved ports connecting said power-cylinder with the pump-cylinders for enabling said pumps to drive the liquid into said power-cylinder, the piston Within said power-cylinder to be acted upon bythe liquid and having a rod connected with the brake connections for actuating the latter, and means for manually applying the power to and cutting the same off from said pumps for controlling the operation of said piston and determining when said pumps shall act; substantially as set forth.

11. Ahydraulic brakemechanism comprising the holding-casing for containing a freeV body of liquid, a pumpimmersed in said body of liquid for acting on a part of said liquid,y

a port leading from the chamber of the pump to said free body of liquid, au automatic valve controlling said port, powertransmitting means connected with the car-axlefor operating saidpum p, a clutch for connecting said operatingmeans Ywith said pump, and means for manually controlling said clutch and thereby determining when said pump shall act to effect the application-f the brakes,com bined with a power-cylinder to receive the pumped liquid, a controlled port leading from said power-cylinder to the holding-chamber of said casing, means for manually controlling said port, and a piston in said powercylinder and connected with the brake-shoe connected with the brake connections for actuating the latter, and the port leading to said cylinder, combined with means disposed within said casing and operable from Without the same for forcing a part of said liquid through said port into said cylinder for movving said pistou, the outlet-port from said cylinder to the general chamber of said casing, and the controller-rod for manual operation and adapted for opening and closing said port and for controlling the action of the means for driving thel liquid into the powercylinder, said controller-rod having the port through it for communication with said outlet-port, and said rod having the tapered groove at theentrance to its port; substantially as set forth.

13. Ahydra'ulic brake mechanism comprising the casing for containing a body of liquid, and the frame secured within said casing and carrying the pump-cylinder and the powercylinder, and said frame being provided with kthe valved port leading from the pump-cylinder tov the power-cylinder and the outletrod seated in said frame and adapted forv opening and closing said outlet-port, there- -port leading fromY the power-cylinder to the IOS lief-port in said frame for preventing excessive pressure in said poWer-cylinder,and the Weighted valve for said relief-port; substantially as set forth.

14. A hydrauliclbrakemechanism comprising a pu mp, a power-cylinder connected there- With, and a piston within said cylinder and connected with the brake connections for actuating the latter, combined with powertransmitting means connected withv the caraXle for actuating the said pump, and a single manually -controlled lever mechanism 'adapted on the earlier part of its movement to set the pump into operation idly Without thel circulating liquid then aecting the brakes and on its further movement to control and directthe force of the pumped liquid against the power-piston; substantially as set forth. Signed at New York, in the countyand State of New York, this 7th day of'May, A. D. 1902. JOSEPH p BARDSLEY.

y ALBERT J. ROSENTRETER. Witnesses:

CHAs. C.GILL, ARTHUR MARION.

IIO 

